1.What are the early symptoms of testicular cancer?
The most common symptom of testicular cancer is a painless, hard testicular lump or swelling.Patients may experience a sensation of heaviness in the scrotum and dull lower abdominal pain;acute pain occurs in a minority of cases.
2.How do I perform a testicular self-exam?
Perform this once a month after a warm bath, when the scrotum is relaxed.Gently roll each testicle between your hands to check for lumps, hard nodules, or changes in size.
3.What are the surgical treatment methods for testicular cancer?
Standard orchiectomy is the standard treatment, involving the removal of the affected testis and spermatic cord via an inguinal incision.Adjuvant therapy is determined postoperatively based on the pathological type and stage.
4.What is minimally invasive treatment for testicular cancer?
Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is a key application of minimally invasive surgery, characterized by minimal trauma and rapid recovery.Small, early-stage tumors can be removed via a small inguinal incision.
5.Does chemotherapy for testicular cancer affect fertility?
Chemotherapy may affect sperm production, leading to temporary or permanent infertility.Cryopreservation of sperm prior to treatment is recommended.Most patients retain fertility after unilateral orchiectomy.
6.Why does testicular cancer have a relatively good prognosis?
Testicular cancer is highly sensitive to chemotherapy, especially seminoma.Even in cases of metastasis, combination therapy can yield excellent results.
7.How is follow-up conducted after testicular cancer treatment?
Regularly monitor tumor markers (AFP, HCG, and LDH) post-surgery.Use abdominal CT to monitor retroperitoneal lymph nodes and chest CT to rule out pulmonary metastasis.
