1. What are the early symptoms of skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma presents as small nodules with a pearly sheen or as ulcers with raised edges.Squamous cell carcinoma presents as a red, indurated nodule or ulcer, potentially with scaling on the surface.
2. What causes skin cancer?
Long-term ultraviolet (UV) exposure—including from sunlight and tanning lamps—is a primary cause.Individuals with fair skin who sunburn easily are at high risk.Exposure to ionizing radiation and contact with chemical carcinogens are also risk factors.
3. What are the surgical treatment methods for skin cancer?
Wide local excision is suitable for most skin cancers.Mohs micrographic surgery involves layer-by-layer excision and examination to maximize the preservation of normal tissue, making it ideal for critical areas such as the face.
4. What is minimally invasive treatment for skin cancer?
Photodynamic therapy involves applying a photosensitizing agent followed by exposure to light of a specific wavelength to destroy cancer cells.Topical 5-fluorouracil or imiquimod cream is used for superficial basal cell carcinoma.
5. How effective is radiotherapy for skin cancer?
Radiotherapy is an effective treatment for skin cancer, particularly for areas unsuitable for surgery or where cosmetic outcomes are critical, such as the eyelids, nose, and ears.Electron beam radiotherapy allows for precise irradiation of superficial tumors.
6. Can skin cancer be life-threatening?
Most basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas grow slowly; early treatment is effective, and they rarely threaten life.However, if left untreated, the tumors can invade deep tissues and bone.
7. How to prevent skin cancer?
Avoid direct midday sunlight and use sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher.Wear sun-protective hats and long-sleeved clothing.Avoid tanning beds.Perform regular skin checks.
