1. What are the early symptoms of breast cancer?
Early symptoms include a painless breast lump, nipple discharge, skin dimpling or orange-peel changes, and nipple inversion or deviation.
2. How is breast cancer diagnosed?
Diagnostic methods include breast ultrasound, mammography, and breast MRI. Needle biopsy or surgical excision biopsy is needed to obtain tissue samples,
3. What types of breast cancer surgery are available?
Surgery falls into two main categories: breast-conserving surgery and total mastectomy. Breast-conserving surgery removes only the tumor and a small amount of surrounding normal tissue, preserving breast shape. Postoperative radiotherapy is required.
4. What is minimally invasive treatment for breast cancer?
Minimally invasive treatments include breast-conserving surgery, sentinel lymph node procedures, minimally invasive vacuum-assisted breast excision, radiofrequency ablation, and microwave ablation.
5. What are the effects and side effects of breast cancer chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy drugs kill rapidly dividing cancer cells. They can shrink tumors before surgery, destroy residual cancer cells afterward, and control advanced disease.
6. Which patients are eligible for targeted breast cancer therapy?
Targeted therapy is mainly used for HER2-positive breast cancer. Common drugs include trastuzumab and pertuzumab, which specifically act on HER2 to inhibit tumor growth.
7. What follow-up and daily precautions are needed after breast cancer treatment?
Regular breast ultrasound, tumor marker testing, and whole-body imaging when necessary monitor disease status after treatment. Maintain a healthy weight, eat a balanced diet, and exercise moderately,
